Bhopal India disaster Essays

Bhopal India fiasco Essays Bhopal India fiasco Essay Bhopal India fiasco Essay Bhopal India fiasco Name: Course: Date: Bhopal India fiasco The Bhopal gas spill fiasco that occurred in India in 1984 was recorded as one of the most heartbreaking mishaps on the planet. The area of the mishap was the association Carbide pesticide plant in Madhya Pradesh. The gas spill figured out how to influence more than 100,000 individuals with noxious methyl-isocyanine particles. The extent of the gas spill was evaluated to be around six kilometers from the wellspring of the gas mishap. The underlying loss of life remained at 2,000 individuals the vast majority of who worked at the plant as representatives. A lot later, the cost rose to 8,000 following 60 minutes. Following three days of examination, the survivors of the gas spill were evaluated to be over a hundred thousand (Palit, 2010). The specific wellbeing ramifications of the Bhopal gas spill were not completely discharged until 1994 when parts of the archives were discharged to general society. More than 500,000 individuals were named as being gas influenced with a large portion of the casualties experiencing sensory system disappointment, various kinds of tumors, kidney and liver disappointments (Thomas, 2010). The pesticide plant UCIL was a part of the Union Carbide Corporation and promptly removed itself from the gas debacle. In the long run, the Indian government constrained them to pay over $400 million in remuneration for the passings and physical wounds. The event of the fiasco highlighted an expanded authorizing of worldwide norms in managing earth unsafe synthetic concoctions to maintain a strategic distance from comparable mishaps later on. The subject of contention much after the calamity was the way that the plants’ researchers would not unveil any data on the idea of the gas. Warren Anderson, the overseeing executive, was blamed for crime, however he was never attempted at both the US and Indian preliminaries. Potential reasons for the gas spill mishap There was a great deal of disarray after the plant was shut to untouchables after claims emerged that the plant had not agreed to most guidelines addressing specialist security, working conditions, crisis techniques and gear support. The most critical examination concerning the reason for the gas spill was finished by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and uncovered the accompanying outcomes. Water saturated MIC stockpiling tanks and set off an exothermal impact that oozed a lot of harmful gas that tore open the wellbeing valves. There were wellbeing scrubbers that would ordinarily remove any abundance gas, yet these were disassembled for fix when the disaster happened (Sheehan, 2011). The primary driver of the mishap was built up as carelessness of security methodology. To begin with, no valves were introduced to keep water from saturating the MIC stockpiling tanks. The organization likewise made a terrible display of keeping up the flaring and cooling frameworks of the apparatus and even on the game changing day, they were not in legitimate working condition. At the industrial facility, coolant units had been depleted off for use in another piece of the plant and the gas flare had been off for more than a quarter of a year. The explanation given for the low wellbeing standard at Union Carbide branch were money related in nature and included monstrous spending slices to the security subsidize. The organization had likewise made huge blunders by acquiring and introducing gear that had not been endorsed as safe for dealing with poisonous segments (Fact Finding Mission on Bhopal, 2009). Impacts of the Bhopal gas spill mishap Ecological impacts The Dow Chemical Company that assumed control over the control of Union Carbide Company in 2001 announced that there were still huge volumes of harmful waste at the site of the mishap. Starting at 2011, the site was still exceptionally defiled with deposits of mercury and hexachlorobenzene (Sheehan, 2011). Endeavors were made to seal a portion of the poisonous squanders into open barrels, yet the extreme precipitation and flooding washed off the synthetic concoctions into residential water sources, for example, streams and still lakes. Examination done by preservationists uncovered that local people devoured water that contained up to multiple times more poisonous material than was humanly conceivable to expend. This has prompted change and annihilation of different types of widely varied vegetation in the territory (Sarangi, 2012). Endeavors to alleviate the mishap and maintain a strategic distance from future comparative occurrences The Indian Government was profoundly agreeable with administrators to guarantee that rehashes of such biochemical mishaps were obsolete. The state passed the Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster Act as a strategy for learning that claims and claims emerging from the gas spill mishap would be managed instantly and reasonably. Inside the Act, there were conditions that made such cases just arbitrated by the state. Through this demonstration, all cases were expelled from US locale and granted to Indian courts. The understanding by UCIL to pay the $470 million was one of the consequences of such mediation (Sarangi, 2012). Different partners in the substance business all inclusive utilized the Bhopal catastrophe as the ideal chance to plan to strengthen the wellbeing guidelines to hinder any future slips by that would bring about calamities. The Bhopal fiasco demonstrated that issues including mechanical perils are attached to worldwide market changes. Reasonable and reliable universal working rules for unsafe businesses were proposed and endorsed in global stages, for example, the UN General Assembly and the European Union. These strategies and standards have worked particularly well in estimating execution of risky compound makers in India (Fact Finding Mission on Bhopal, 2009). The Bhopal occurrence served to change the pattern and structure of modern synthetic creation in India and the remainder of the world. In spite of the fact that numerous lives were lost and the earth decimated, the mishap served to fortify the authority of the Ministry of Environment and different partners just as restoring the world’s responsibility at controlling the mechanical action that represented a possible danger to their prosperity and that of the earth. References Reality Finding Mission on Bhopal. (2009). The Bhopal gas calamity, impacts, reactions, current status, and suggestions for the future: official rundowns of studies. New Delhi: Fact Finding Mission on Bhopal Palit, A., National University of Singapore. (2010). The Bhopal catastrophe decision: Can India handle mechanical debacles? Singapore: Institute of South Asian Studies. Sarangi, S. (2012). Remuneration to Bhopal gas casualties: will equity ever be finished? Indian Journal of Medical Ethics, 9, 2 Sheehan, H. E. (2011). The Bhopal gas debacle: center around network wellbeing and natural impacts. Indian Journal of Medical Ethics, 8, 2 Thomas, G. (2010). The Bhopal gas debacle and the helpless condition of word related wellbeing and security India. Indian Journal of Medical Ethics, 7, 4

Global Dimming Essay Example

Worldwide Dimming Essay Example Worldwide Dimming Essay Worldwide Dimming Essay In the previous 100 years or so the earth has confronted a few life finishing issues, for example, an unnatural weather change, the atomic issue, a breakdown of our biological framework, or the generally new issue, worldwide darkening. These issues make them thing in like manner; none of them have been unraveled. This causes an intensifying impact wherein one issue can exacerbate another issue. Notwithstanding, worldwide warmings impacts are really being stifled by worldwide diminishing. This causes a tremendous issue. On the off chance that we by one way or another figure out how to get the impacts of worldwide darkening leveled out this will just compound the impacts of lobal warming, in any case, in the event that we dont take care of the issue of worldwide diminishing sooner than later were going to see its impact just amplify exponentially. Worldwide diminishing is the impact of people discharging particulates, for example, sulfate pressurized canned products into the climate in the course of the most recent 100 years. These particulates hinder a portion of the irradiance from the sun on the earths surface. This irradiance is whats liable for a great part of the vanishing of water, which, thusly, makes precipitation. Hence worldwide darkening is causing a diminishing in the measure of precipitation in a portion of the earths most parched spots. Regions such northern Africa, where an absence of clean rinking water and water system is as of now an issue and on the off chance that they get any dryer we could be taking a gander at a vanishing of life on a scriptural scale. Worldwide diminishing was first found by horticultural scholar Gerald Stanhill, who during the 1980s, found that light hitting Israel was 22% not exactly there was during the 1950s. : At that point researchers found that skillet vanishing, which is basically recording how much water is dissipating from a dish, was gradually diminishing during the 1990s despite the fact that a dangerous atmospheric devation ought to have been expanding vanishing. Eventually, in the days after 9-11 when air traffic was grounded in the United States the normal emperature rose by one degree Celsius, the biggest normal temperature rise at any point recorded. As expressed over the impacts of worldwide darkening could be disastrous. Water in the northern side of the equator is cooling causing an easing back of vanishing and in this way conceivable dry season and starvation, however sadly that is not all. The toxins that at last reason diminishing are likewise answerable for corrosive downpour, exhaust cloud, and respiratory issues in people. It is likewise accepted that if darkening keeps on deteriorating the absence of daylight could impact plants capacity of perform photosynthesis, which would result n lower crop yields. It could likewise prompt moving flames and crushing warmth waves. Be that as it may, we cant Just go out and fathom worldwide diming and disregard an Earth-wide temperature boost. As expressed over, its accepted that on the off chance that we some how diminish the impacts of worldwide darkening it will just build the impacts of a dangerous atmospheric devation, hence the two must be dealt with all the while. On the off chance that they arent, the complete impacts of either could end life on this planet. Beate Liepert, a main researcher in environmental change at Columbia University stated, We lived in an unnatural weather change in addition to a worldwide diminishing world and now e are taking out worldwide darkening. So we end up with the a worldwide temperature alteration world, which will be a lot of more terrible than we suspected it will be, a lot more sizzling. The two issues are neither totally unrelated nor conflicting. Veerabhadran Ramanathan, an environmental scientific expert at the Scripps Institution ot Oceanography, The traditional reasoning is that earthy colored mists have veiled as much as 50 percent of an Earth-wide temperature boost by ozone depleting substances through supposed worldwide diminishing While this is genuine comprehensively, this investigation uncovers that over southern and eastern Asia, the ash particles in the rown mists are in reality enhancing the barometrical warming pattern brought about by ozone harming substances by as much as 50 percent. Endeavors are being made to settle these issues, yet there are no simple arrangements. Fundamentally the best way to fix the issue of worldwide darkening is to eliminate contamination entering the air. Simultaneously we should stop the siphoning of green house gasses to prod the ever present a worldwide temperature alteration. There is nobody handy solution, it will take poise. Individuals and organizations will need to decrease the utilization of non-renewable energy sources just as the eneration of particles. For that to happen governments will need to meet up and make more guidelines. Its a moderate procedure that should be set up at the earliest opportunity on the grounds that there is just a limited measure of time left. All in all worldwide darkening is Just another of numerous issues confronting planet earth that must be dealt with sooner than later. The media will in general spotlight on a worldwide temperature alteration as the more impending danger to people however worldwide darkening is Just as perilous. Changes should be made in each individual everyday life for genuine mprovements to be seen. Until that happens the earth will keep on spiraling down a hazardous way. Work Cited Global Dimming. BSC. Recovered 02 Dec. 2013. National Science Foundation (2007-08-01). Earthy colored Cloud Particulate Pollution Amplifies Global Warming. Recovered 02 Dec. 2013. Keneth L. Denman and Guy Brasseur, et al. (2007). Couplings between changes in Climate System and the Biogeochemistry, 7. 5. 3 (PDF). IPCC. Recovered 02 Dec. 2013. Liepert, Beate. RealClimate: Global Dimming and Climate Models. RealClimate RSS. N. p. , 17 Apr. 2006. web. Recovered 02 Dec. 2013.

Argument A Modest proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Contention A Modest proposition - Essay Example Practically a similar number of continue calling themselves, state, Catholics, paying little heed to a conceded carefulness toward its practices, so Smokers remain Smokers considering the way that theyve been Smokers for a serious long time, and they know no other way. Then again, the principal of this paper is to make how smoking is cool in an amusing perspective. Smoking is about the fabrication of adaptability. It is pleasant to smoke definitively in light of the fact that ought not smoke, and if you had any sense whatsoever you wouldnt smoke. Much equivalent to various religions, trust in the liberator powers of Smoking must happen among the young; past the age of 21, a large number individuals are not searching for another religion. The people who are, are as inclined to take up Smoking as whatever else ( Morgan, 2002, 34). The fantasy of chance is generally skilled among youngsters of center school or auxiliary young. You find some puzzle zone in the forested regions, or in the island of chance that is a few smokers auto, and there you smoke, the lit cigarette in your mouth your distinguishing proof of adaptability and rebellion. The underlying 5 or 10 or 20 taste terrible, or make you debilitated, yet this is like various adult picked up tastes, from pickles to anchovies to alcohol. Inside explicit circles, Smoking is as irresistible as yawning. Someone illuminates a smoke, inside two minutes, all are smoking cigarettes, their lights of chance. at the point when not smoking then others are, and you yourself are a smoker, is to be overlooked, just as to be an immaterial inhaler of recycled smoke, an unapproachable spectator. Possibly it is, in any case, subtly, a declaration of abstaining, and along these lines an obvious judgment. The Smokers may thinkâ€Why isnt he smoking?â€pretty much as some meat-eaters are awkward eating with vegetarians. The very restriction is an inferred

The Program of Jedwabne Research Paper - 4400 Words

The Program of Jedwabne Research Paper (Research Paper Sample) Content: The Pogrom of JedwabneNameSubject/CourseDate Introduction The massacre of Jews in Jedwabne took place on July 10th, 1941 amidst the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germans subsequent to the defeat of the Soviet Union forces. The findings of the victims buried in the two graves exhumed by a team of anthropologists and archeologists confirmed mass graves in Jedwabne. The atrocities were carried out by Polish gentile inhabitants of the Jedwabne town with the support of Nazi Germans in a two weeks time since the Nazi forces occupied the town from the Soviet Union. However, the participation of both Nazi and Poles is controversial because while the Poles are the culprits for perpetrating the massacre as advanced in the book War and Genocide by Doris Bergen, it is astonishing that Poles some of whom volunteered to rescue the Jews during the Holocaust could commit such a grievous act. It is difficult to believe that the Nazi Germans played a lesser role than Poles in the Jedw abne pogrom because they were out to perpetrate atrocities against handicapped and marginalized communities in their attempt to prove the superiority of the Aryans. It is estimated that the town had half of its population comprised of Jews who resided in the place from the 18th century, and the other half made up of Poles. In secret treaties with the Germans, the Soviet Union Red Army occupied eastern part of Poland, but Jedwabne was taken by Germans after crushing a resistance mounted by the Poles in 1939. Jedwabne was later put under the custody of the Soviet Union in the same year, an action that was appreciated by both Poles and Jews who viewed the Red Army as their protector. The Soviet Union Red Army dismantled the Polish administration that they found in the region, established their governance systems, and offered administrative positions to the Jews who declared their allegiance to the Soviet Union2. These positions resulted in a paradigm change, in a cordial relationship between Poles and Jews, due to the fact that the Jews joined the Soviet Union militia in guarding Poles rounded up for deportation to Siberia, participated in denying the Poles food and other basic needs. They also assisted the Red Army in terrorizing gentiles and some Jews who were still supportive to the Poles, and played a role in arresting gentiles for expulsion, deportation, and executions in the Soviet prisons, which lasted until June 21st, 19413. The Nazi Germans attacked the Soviet Union on 22nd June 1941 and occupied the Polish territory under control of the Soviet Union3. The Nazi murdered Jews men by shooting them in the towns neighboring Jedwabne, in addition to spreading propaganda about the Jews and the Soviet Union. They accused the Jews of assisting the Soviet Union in committing crimes in the region, which convinced some Poles who viewed Jews as enemies. Hatred against Jews grew significantly among Poles within the two weeks of Nazi Germans control of Jedwabne. This was aggravated by propaganda, the role of Jews in the crimes against Poles, committed by the Soviet Union, orders from Nazi Germans encouraging atrocities against Jews, robberies, pogroms with impunity, and anti-Jews massacre carried out by the Nazi Germans in other towns. These factors were instrumental in changing the psychology of Poles; hence, their participatory role in the progression of the Nazi plan of eradicating Jews and collaboration of Poles with the Nazi despite the moral implications of the pogroms, which had many negative consequences. However, it is unlikely that all Poles residing in the town committed the atrocities because evidence suggests that few Poles perpetrated the Jedwabne pogroms under supervision by the Nazi Germans. Despite the majority of Poles in the town, opting not to take part in the pogrom, their passivity during the massacre betrayed them into being equally guilty as the murderers. On the fateful day of July 10th, 1941, just two weeks after the Nazi occupation of Jedwabne, several Poles and Germans assembled to discuss the fate of Jews by the order of Marian Karolak, who was the mayor of the town and the Nazi Germans4. History has it that the Germans proposed to let live one of the Jews in each career, but the Poles who were furious with rage objected the proposition and instead suggested all the Jews to be eliminated. The Polish men rounded up Jews men, women, and children, both residents and refugees who fled the massacre in the nearby towns carried out by Nazi Germans. Jews were taken to a central square in the town of Jedwabne, compelled to the uproot grass, attacked, and killed by being beaten. Several Jews men were compelled by the Nazi Germans to destroy and carry the statue of Lenin left behind by the Soviet Union, they carried it with the towns rabbi forced to be in front of the procession to an empty barn where they were killed before being buried together with the fragments of the Lenin statue. Later on the same day Jews, mostly women and children, were taken to the same barn where they were confined and burnt until they all died. The Nazi German guards were present in the barn as the Poles massacred Jews, and they shot Jews who attempted to escape the inferno4. The dead bodies were buried in two mass graves. The goal of this research paper is to discuss the pogrom of Jedwabne on the 10th July, 1941. It researched, explored, and provided a conscience account of the role of Poles in the progression of the Nazi plan, a collaboration of the Poles with the Nazi, both positive and negative consequences of the Poles actions, the moral implication of the Poles as evidenced in the book War and Genocide by Doris Bergen, and the role of psychology in the Jedwabne pogrom in relation to the Stanford prison experiment. The role of the Poles in progression of the Nazi plan The poles played a central role in the progression of the Nazi plan of eradicating Jews, gentiles, handicapped, and occupation of Poland. They convinced the people in the meeting that assembled the Nazi Germans and Poles to kill all the Jews in Jedwabne without leaving any one of them in a career. They helped in identifying, rounding up, taking the Jews to the barn, and killing them as Nazi Germans watched or assisted in the process. According to Bergen, the Nazis had not picked new or specific groups to focus their hatred on but instead they "borrowed and built on prejudices that had been familiar before" among the Nazi people who were initially living in Germany2. The book talks of the reluctant forces in the government that made Hitler succeed by pushing aside the laws that could have made it illegal for the Nazi party to mistreat the Jews. These laws that "were simply not enforced" also enabled Hitler to escape serious jail sentence, become a German citizen, and run for presidency. Bergen claims "would it that Hitler was not there, Nazism would have taken different forms if they had occurred at all". This is because local communities hated Jews, for example, Poles residing in Jedwabne, who could kill Jews for cooperating with the Soviet Union in deporting Poles out of the vicinity to Siberia. Research and investigations on the incident accuse Poles who inhabited Jedwabne and neighboring towns to be the culprits who perpetrated the pogrom at Jedwabne and the nearby area towns. The total number of Jews killed by the Poles has not been confirmed to date, but it is approximated that at least 350 Jews were killed. The Germans are ascribed with the responsibilities of the massacre because they inspired the Poles to accomplish the decisive role of killing Jews, observed the massacre of the Jews as it took place, declined to intervene in stopping the pogrom despite being armed and in full control of Jedwabne town, and they did not only consented but also tolerated Jews being killed by the Poles. Some Jews managed to escape the pogrom, for example, the seven Jews who survived by being h idden in the Wyrzykowski family. The Poles are held responsible for perpetrating and accomplishing the plans by the Nazi Germans to solve the problem of the Jews by killing them. Jan Gross, in the book neighbors, asserts in graphic details that Poles who made half of the Jedwabnes population rose against the other half comprised of Jews and murdered most of them. The book affirms that it is the Poles who commenced and executed the massacre at least 1500 Jews residing in the town and those who migrated from the nearby towns to escape the atrocities carried out by Germans, and Nazi Germans were least to blame in the incident. Gross further explains that in spite of a complex interplay of various factors in the incident which include intrinsic accusations, unique Polish anti-Semitism, Soviet Union rule, and invaded by Germans, the Poles who accused Jews of collaborating with the Soviet Union were indeed the ones implicated in the crimes committed by the Red Army. The poles were the f ast to attack the Jews in order to deflect the urge for revenge due to the anger in their neighbors and to win favors from the new Nazi Germans who occupied Jedwabne. The Poles were afraid of the Nazi Germans as well as the Jews whom they feared could carry out revenge against them for collaborating with the Soviets9. The Poles are perceived to have perpetrated atrocities committed by the Nazi Germans against the Jews due to specific features in the Polish scenario. While other communities such as the Danish, Italians, and Bulgarians obstructed the Nazi plans, their Polish counterparts did not stop the Nazi from isolating, expropriating, and ultimately annihilating the Polish Jews. The situation can be explained by the reasoning that Poles were already resigned due to persecution and abuse they were subjected to for a longer time while under the Nazi German domination than their counterparts. Another factor is tha...

The Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath - 1803 Words

In the 1963 novel, The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath depicts the mental breakdown of a young woman, Esther Greenwood, as a result of the pressures of her environment. Esther grows depressed throughout the novel and goes â€Å"crazy† due the many conflicting choices she is faced with. In Esther’s 1950s society, she is expected to marry and have children. Yet, she is confronted with her many wants that conflict with this picture of ideal femininity. As Jay Cee says, Esther â€Å"wants to be everything† (83), and this is precisely where her dilemma lies. Essentially, Esther’s breakdown can be attributed to her fear of making a choice. This fear is communicated when Esther states â€Å"I saw my life branching out before me like the green fig tree in the story. From the tip of every branch, like a fat purple fig, a wonderful future beckoned and winked† (62). Esther is torn between the want for many different futures. The â€Å"branches† suggest that her choices are mutually exclusive, and she is only able to take one path. All the figs are â€Å"fat purple,† communicating that all the options are equally fruitful, desirable, and attractive, making Esther’s decision extremely difficult. She describes an array of paths including motherhood and careers, none of which she is able chose from. She states she, â€Å"wanted each and every one of them, but choosing one meant loosing all the rest† (63). Unable to make a decision she â€Å"starves to death† (63), and allows the futures to â€Å"die.† She says, â€Å"the figs began toShow MoreRelatedThe Bell Jar, by Sylvia Plath1318 Words   |  6 Pageswe live. Many authors who seek this understanding fall short of their expectations and find themselves questioning life to an even greater extent than they had prior to their endeavors. One example of this would be author and poet Sylvia Plath, whose novel The Bell Jar parallels the tragic events that occurred throughout her own life. This coming-of-age story follows the life of Esther, a very bright and introverted student from Boston. She spends a month in New York City as a contest-winning juniorRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1211 Words   |  5 PagesOn January 14th of 1963, Sylvia Plath had finally completed The Bell Jar after approximately two years of writing. This novel could have been considered a partial autobiography, because the main character Esther Greenwood eerily represents Sylvia Plath. There are a number of references to Plath’s real life throughout the book, too many for it to be considered a mere coincidence. Within the story, Esther Greenwood considers and attempts suicide quite frequently. Could this novel have been foreshadowingRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath Essay1438 Words   |  6 Pagesthe novel been translated into nearly a dozen different languages, but it is also the only novel under the American writer and poet Sylvia Plath. She wrote this novel to resemble her life whenever she was dealing with mental illness. It was published in 1967 and was not published in the United States until 1971. After the first publication in the United Kingdom, Plath committed suicide in a very tragic way.   Even though this novel can be viewed as â€Å"dark†, many english classes read this world wideRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1099 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bell Jar by: Sylvia Plath Depression is a serious topic throughout the world, especially in America. Depression can result in someone feeling completely alone. There is no direct cause for depression in adolescents, but it can be brought on by the maturing process, stress from failure in some sort, a traumatic or disturbing event such as death, or even a break up. Sure, everyone has an off day here and there, where they feel like they shouldn’t even bother getting out bed in the morning, butRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1211 Words   |  5 PagesSylvia Plath Research Paper Title The Bell Jar place[s] [the] turbulent months[of an adolescent’s life] in[to] mature perspective (Hall, 30). In The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath uses parallelism, stream of consciousness, the motif of renewal and rebirth, symbolism of the boundary-driven entrapped mentally ill, and auto-biographical details to epitomize the mental downfall of protagonist, Esther Greenwood. Plath also explores the idea of how grave these timeless and poignant issues can affect a fragileRead More The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1820 Words   |  7 PagesIdentity is fragile and is a characteristic that every person must discover without hiding behind inexperience’s and excluding themselves from the outside world of reality or else their own personal bell jar will suffocate them alive. The Bell Jar, a semi-autobiographical novel written by Sylvia Plath portrays how a young woman with too many identities and unrealistic expectations overwhelms herself to the point that she contemplates and attempts su icide multiple times. Esther Greenwood, a young collegeRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath942 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of her relationship with many characters in the novel, The Bell Jar. Esther is mentally and emotionally different than a majority of the people in her community. As a result of this state, she often has difficulty taking criticism to heart. Her depression continues to build throughout the novel as she remains in the asylum. It does not help that she has no aid from her loved ones. In the novel, The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath utilizes the relationships that Esther shares with Buddy Willard MrsRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1274 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath the prime character, Esther Greenwood, struggles to handle life in her own skin. She feels as though she is trapped in a glass bell jar with no escape because of her incapability to comprehend herself. For example, in chapter one Plath states, â€Å"‘My name s Elly H igginbottom,’ I said. ‘I come from Chicago.’ After that I felt safer. I didn t want anything I said or did that night to be associated with me and my real name and coming from Boston† (Plath 11). In thisRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1554 Words   |  6 Pagestrials and triumphs in their personal life, their relationships with others and their surroundings. In the Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath explores the role of women in society in 1950s New York City through her relationships and interactions. Esther Greenwood is the major character and is therefore central to the novel. The book is considered to be a â€Å"roman a` clef† portraying the painful summer of Sylvia Plath’s psychotic breakdown in 1953, and contains â€Å"thinly disguised portraits of her family and friends†Read MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1940 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the definition of the word â€Å"bell jar† is, †Å"a bell-shaped usually glass vessel designed to contain objects or preserve gases and or a vacuum†. Sylvia Plath’s title, The Bell Jar, symbolically represents her feeling towards the seclusion and inferiority women endured trapped by societes glass vessel during the 1950’s. The Bell Jar, follows the life of Esther Greenwood, the protagonist and narrator of the story, during her desperate attempt to become a woman

Drunk Driving And Drunk Drivers - 2145 Words

In 2013, 10,076 people were killed in drunk driving incidents. Out of those people, 65% (6,515) were drivers, 27% (2,724) were passengers, and 8% (837) were non-passengers (â€Å"Drunk Driving Statistics†). Over half of those fatalities (67.1%) involved blood alcohol levels over .15% (â€Å"Drunk Driving Statistics†). The legal blood-alcohol content is .08%. Drunk driving caused 31% of deaths in car crashes in 2013 (â€Å"Drunk Driving Statistics†). In 2012, 402 people were killed by alcohol impairment in North Carolina (â€Å"Drunk Driving Statistics†). These numbers, though they seem astonishing, have been cut in half since 1991 (â€Å"Drunk Driving Statistics†). Even though the number of fatalities has been lowered, that number is not low enough. Most drunk drivers are repeat offenders. Lives are being taken because of the careless attitude of the drunk drivers. Drunk driving is selfish; those who commit this crime do not think about the extreme consequences of their actions. In North America it is estimated that 1-5 drivers has been drinking and 1 in 10 is legally impaired on any Friday or Saturday night (Root). Many groups, including MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving), are fighting to stop drunk driving. Unfortunately, drunk driving cannot be stopped. People will always commit this heinous crime. The numbers may go down, but unfortunately there will always be a number. The only way to continually decrease the amount of lives lost is to increase punishments for drunk driving. Current drunkShow MoreRelatedDrunk Drivers And Drunk Driving946 Words   |  4 PagesWhile I have never personally been involved in a crash caused by drunk driving, as a firefighter I have approached the aftermath of many. The worst drunk driving accident I have witnessed was a car that had rolled three times. The guy flew out the front window, leaving deep cuts all over his head. Because he was intoxicated, he tried to get up and move around, obli vious to his injuries or pain. He didn’t even realize he had gotten into an accident. As I watched the scene unfold, it made me angryRead MoreThe Consequences of Drunk Driving800 Words   |  4 PagesThe Consequences of Drunk Driving â€Å"A friend who dies, it’s something of you who dies,† Gustave Flaubert. When someone dies from drunk driving this is something you may be feeling. The consequences of drunk driving are far too high to even think of driving while under the influence. Every year thousands die from drunk driving or are caught drunk driving, and face consequences such as fines and a loss of license. But, it’s easy to avoid or prevent drunk driving by ordering a taxi or setting a designatedRead MoreThe Effects Of Drunk Driving On The Road Of Driving1382 Words   |  6 Pagesdeadly acts? Drunk-driving? Oh no! These two words together are uncordial behaviors. The crime of driving a vehicle or operating a motorized machine while under the influence of alcohol is totally against the law of the land, but some people still won’t stop. Is there any gain in drunk-driving than loss of lives, loss of driving privileges, and property—vehicles? One-third of traffic deaths invo lve alcohol-impaired driving (MADD). Therefore, a behavior that involves a tiny proportion of drivers is oneRead MoreDrunk Drivers Should Not Be Banned1279 Words   |  6 Pagesa large amount of drunk driving accidents almost every year there are drunk drivers getting away and not having any harsh consequences.Drunk driving has killed over hundreds of citizens due to the mistakes by over intoxicated drivers. States all across the country have lowered the blood alcohol limit to keep drunk drivers off the road from hitting a pedestrian. Some citizens believe that drunk drivers should not be punished more harshly due to be over intoxicated while driving. If there is no harmRead MoreAlcohol Related Accidents Essay874 Words   |  4 Pageschance of being in an accident with a drunk driver. Drunk driving is a serious problem that the United States, as well as the world, is trying to deal with, because it does not only effect a select few, it effects everyone. Drunk driving amongst hig h school students is an enormous problem that the United States is trying to cope with. Many programs have come to surface over the past few years, that educate students on this situation. MADD, mothers against drunk driving, is a non profit organization thatRead MoreDrunk Drivers Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesDriving a vehicle is a huge responsibility, and can be dangerous for anyone who is careless on the road. That danger increases as drivers attempt to drive either intoxicated or drunk. Blood alcohol concentration, also known as BAC, is the amount of alcohol in the blood of one’s system, and is used as a measure of degree of intoxication in an individual (answers.com). In the United States it is illegal per se, to drive with a BAC of .08 for all drivers who are 21 and older (nhtsa.gov). As the bloodRead MoreDrunk Driver And Drunk Drivers923 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2013, 10,076 people died because of drunk drivers. One every 52 minutes. 290,000 were injured because of the accidents (MADD). In 2012, 3,328 people died because of car crashes due to the fact that drivers were on their phones. 421,000 were injured (Texting and Driving Statistics). Driving is not an easy task so you should always be attentive to what you’re doing. A big difference between both is being sober and being drunk. Someone that’s drunk isn’t fully aware of what’s going on. Someone whoRead MoreDrinking And Driving1335 Words   |  6 Pages Drink and Driving is and Ongoing Problem Erica Esposito Kean University Abstract This paper explores the research and find results on how drinking and driving has become a big problem in the United States. Drinking and driving effects a person’s ability to operate a vehicle and therefore drunk drivers need to be educated on the repercussions with drinking and driving. Every day drunk drivers are arrested, either for traffic violations, reckless driving, and random stops on theRead MoreDrunk Driving Essay780 Words   |  4 Pagesalcohol-impaired drivers (Wu, 2016). Many people drive while under the influence of alcohol because they do not see the risk of getting into an accident or potentially injuring someone. They only see the convenience of not leaving their car somewhere or purchasing a driving service. Driving while under the influence of alcohol has a negative impact on society. Drunk driving is detrimental to families, studies show that it takes human life, and has a legal punishment. When a drunk driver gets into anRead MoreDeath by Driving Drunk930 Words   |  4 Pagesone of the leading causes of death during driving is drunk driving. Drunk driving not only puts you in danger but everyone around you in danger. There are many ways that alcohol affects you that makes you drive very bad. To help stop this, The police have made many laws regarding drunk driving and have made many arrests regarding driving under the influence. There are also many stories out there that make us wonder about the dangers and risks of drunk driving. Theres also many laws and reforms being

From Slavery to Freedom free essay sample

Defeat aroused hatred within Southerners, whom were robbed of their slave propertyiii. Racism became one of the main forces in the South during Reconstruction Abraham Lincoln Politician wanted to respect private property (excluding slaves) and did not want to impose harsh punishments on the South for rebellion Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction Of DCE. 1863: Southerners (except Confederate military leaders) had to swear an oath of allegiance to the US and its laws (including the Emancipation Proclamation) in order to be pardoned and offered restoration of property 2.Ten Percent Plan: When 1 D percent of a states population took this oath, Lincoln would recognize the formation of a ewe state government in that state ii. Radical Republicans, such as Benjamin Wade and Henry Davis) favored the abolition of slavery at the beginning of the war, but later advocated harsh treatment of the defeated Lincoln vetoed the Wade-Davis Bill, which required 50 percent of a South. We will write a custom essay sample on From Slavery to Freedom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Seceding states white male citizens to take the loyalty oath before the state could form its constitution, and it also guaranteed equality before the law for former slaves iii.Sherman Special Field Order 15 of 1 865 set aside 400,000 acres of abandoned Southern land for forty-acre grants to freedmen v. The Republican Party prevented the development of a land distribution system, but supported other methods to aid the freed slaves 1 . In 1865, Congress established the Freedmans Bureau to provide social, educational, and economic services to emancipated slaves or white Unionists, which lasted seven years v. Lincoln plans seemed to favor quo kick restoration of the South and limited federal intervention, but his policies were cut short after his assassination, when he was replaced with Andrew Johnson d.Andrew Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction I. Johnson was a Democrat and roomer slaveholder from a poor southern background who supported yeomen farmers and hated southern aristocrats ii. He remained loyal to the Union throughout the war and held planter elite responsible for southern rebellion and defeat. He was appointed as military governor of Tennessee in 1862 and nominated as vice president by the Republicans in the 1864 election iv.Immediately after taking office, he appeared to side with the Radical Republicans by talking of indicting Confederate officials for treason and confiscating their property v. Saw Reconstruction as power Of the executivenot legislative-?branch vi. However, since he blamed individual planters and elite for secession rather than entire states, he proposed mild terms for reentry to the Union 1. He followed Lincoln policy for pardoning Southerners (excluding some Confederate officials and wealthy landowners) 2.These men could apply for presidential pardons and Johnson pardoned 90% of those who applied 3. December 1 865: Johnson declared restoration of the Union complete by allowing ten of eleven Confederate states to reenter the Union vii. Johnson was committed to white supremacy; he opposed political rights for the freedmen and determined e Radical Republican Vision I. Radical Republicans (example: George Julian) promoted equal political rights and economic opportunity as well as a powerful national government ii. Wanted federal government to control the reformation of Southern society iii. Radicals wanted to grant freedmen civil rights and suffrage and give them land confiscated from wealthy Southerners iv. Radicals opposed the black codes passed in South Carolina to deny many rights of citizenship to free African Americans Southerners could not accept full freedom of African Americans 2. Moderate Republicans joined Radicals in the belief that old Confederates ere in power in the South and the black codes and racial violence required increase protection for African Americans v. Republicans estate shed the Joint Committee on Reconstruction vi. 866: Congress passed the Fourteenth Amendment to define African Americans as citizens and the Civil Rights Act that bestowed full citizenship on African Americans, overturning the 1857 Dried Scott decision and black codes 1. African Americans acquired full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of person and property as is enjoyed by white citizens vii. Congress also expanded he Freedmans Bureau to build sc hools and prosecute those depriving blacks of their civil rights viii. Johnson vetoed these two measures; Republicans in Congress overrode his veto ix.November 1866: Republicans gained control Of the House, Senate, and northern States x. Conflict between president and Congress: Johnnys restoration or Congressional Reconstruction? F. Congressional Reconstruction and the Impeachment Crisis I. Republicans took control of Reconstruction in 1867 by passing the First Reconstruction Act, which divided the South into five military districts subject to martial law Southern states were required to hold new constitutional conventions, guarantee universal manhood suffrage, and ratify the Fourteenth Amendment before they would be readmitted to the Union iii.

Technology Changes free essay sample

Rapid technological change has shaped the world we live in today. Far from having a positive influence, living in a hi-tech world dependent on computers and mobile devices has distanced us from what is really important in life. There has been significant progress in many sectors, such as health, engineering, education etc. , with the advancing technology. Over and above, the fact that we can quickly reach any information we need in very short space of time has made our lives more practical and easier. But I shall argue that this is not the whole picture. Technology has also taken so much from our lives: health and social relationship. We start out with the first point: living in a hi-tech world can cause bad effect on our health. People firstly created technology to make our life easier, but in fact, people are busier and busier these days. Spending all day sitting in front of the computer and lacking of sport activities are the reason for some diseases such as dry and near-sighted eyes. We will write a custom essay sample on Technology Changes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Besides, there are also health complaints because of muscle and joint diseases such as pain in neck, shoulder, loins and even the damage of arm nerves due to the excessive time spent working on the computer. Moreover, the number of obesity cases has increased. It isnt just the inactivity that causes the obesity but the endless snacking on junk food while people are hanging out with their technology. Obesity is responsible for diseases such as diabetes and heart conditions.Then, we move on the second point: innovations in information technology have led to a decrease in social activities and relations in people’s lives. In today’s society, more and more people stay indoors, in front of their computers rather than going out and it leads to unsociable lives. Plus, people started to prefer talking on the internet or chatting by cell phones as it is the quickest and easiest way to communicate. Consequently, face-to-face relationships started to vanish and unrealistic relationships especially the ones which are built via the Internet started to be formed.As a result, we are living in a society where young people are not learning good social skills to well-prepare for their future. In conclusion, the technology breakthrough we have experienced in the recent years has dramatically changed the way we live. Far from having a positive influence, living in a high-tech world dependent on computers and mobile device has distanced us from our health and social relationships-what is really important in life. Therefore, we should make use of the benefits that the technology brings us but not depend on it too much.

US History Essay Example

US History Essay Example US History Paper US History Paper 1781 at this battle Battle of Yorktown The war officially ends with the______. Treaty of Paris 1783. The ____ ar the first set of plans for a national government system ratified in 1781 Articles of Confederation. ___ led a group of men in a rebellion (because of taxes) called Shays Rebellion. Daniel Shay In 1791 , states ratify the ten amendments known as the Bill of Rights What re the 3 qualifications to become a US President? 35 years of age,natural born citizen,lived in US for 14 years How many terms years may a US President serve in a life time? Terms 2, years -4, total 8 years How long is the term for a senator and house of representative? senator 6 years, hose 2 years If a US President is charged with impeachment what role does the House,Senate and the supreme court plain the the decision? the house brings charges against the president. the senate acts as the jury supreme court the chief justice of the supreme court presides over hearings What house can introduce a bill? both houses if the presdent vetoes a bill what is he saying? no if the president vetoes a bill and congress thiks the bill should pass what must congress do in order to get it passed into a law? discuss the bill and take another vote, if passed by 2/3 of conress the bill becomes a law name the 5 rights contained in amendment 1 of the bill of rights The Bill of Rights Freedom of -religion,speech,press,assembly,petition

Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 19

Motivation - Essay Example The job enrichment of individuals in organizational premises is a factor of concern for the workers welfare that deals in motivational duties and a sense of promoting their working existence. Job enrichment is used when management wants to motivate employees so that they can be more productive. Job enlargement entails adding tasks and assigning more promotes duties to the existing job description. Job enlargement works on the basis of equal and fair distribution of tasks in an entrepreneurship systems. This aspect of managerial skills is a fundamental productive approach to successful business. Job enlargement is used so when management wants to increase employee productivity by assigning them more tasks so that they are occupied and they work hard. Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs is a clear description on the fundamental human requirements that are universal. Maslow’s Hierarchy principal is demonstrative and has a categorical chain of procedure. The complete Maslow’s Hierarchy demands a protocol path that is demonstrative of the basic needs. According to the law, the fundamental requirement demands a complete execution of the basic wants before the principal is approached (Mantel, 214). Maslow’s Hierarchy entails: 2. Safety level- During this context, the workers safety is guaranteed by the employers or the management team. The management works on promoting the basic security concerns and handles health, financial and emotional well being of the employees. 3. The sense of belonging- This principal touches on individual identification aspects to groups, societies or class. The employees would want to fit into a recognizable community depending on their categorical similarities (Mantel, 214). The organization or the employers would engage on competitive events, organize job trips and take part in team work involving activities that will instill the sense of togetherness and eventually promote the love between workers. 4. Esteem- This is

Brown Fields Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Brown Fields - Essay Example The Brownfield Program by the EPA was put in practice 1995. It has grown into a results-oriented program which has changed the way contaminated property is often taken to be. The Program was intended to empower communities, states, and other stakeholders in redevelopment of the economy to work together in an appropriate manner in order to assess, prevent, sustainably reuse, and safely clean up Brownfields (EPA). The Brownfields Program offers monetary and technical backing for activities in Brownfields through approaches that are based on four major goals. One goal is to protect the environment and address Brownfields in order to sustain safety. The second goal is to promote partnerships, enhance partnership and communication important to ease cleanup and reuse of Brownfields. Thirdly, the program aims to strengthen the marketplace, provide monetary and technical support to boost the private market. Finally, they program aims at sustaining the reuse and redevelopment of Brownfields to improve communities’ long-term quality of living (EPA). It is projected that there are over 450,000 Brownfields within the U.S (EPA). Reinvesting in these Brownfields and Cleaning up the properties increases home and neighboring tax bases, aids growth of jobs, makes use of existing infrastructure, takes off development pressures, and also protects and improves the environment (Hersh, Morley and Schwab). At first, EPA offered little amounts of money to the local governments that started many two-year Brownfield steering projects. The Brownfields Law has extended EPAs support by offering new tools for the private and public segments so as to encourage sustainable cleanup and reuse of Brownfields. There are a number of Brownfields grants that serve as the basis of Brownfields Program by the EPA (Hersh, Morley and Schwab). The grants support recovery efforts by backing environmental assessments, clean-up, and training activities for

Sociology and Friends Essay Example for Free

Sociology and Friends Essay How Can I Help My Friends Realize Their Value How Can I Help My Friends Realize Their Value Words: 713 The value of friendship is said to be the greatest one among mankind. True friends make others realize their true value. Trying to make someone realize their value can be a difficult process because they might not even realize it themselves. Showing someone how important they are will result in them being a stronger person and in you being a better friend. Friends are meant to help others out in times of need and by doing so we need to show our friends their true value and accomplishing such a task may at times prove to be difficult. Having true friends is very important as it gives us the chance to get advice in times of need, a shoulder to cry on and the ability to share the happiest moments of our life. In all of this we sometimes forget to show others how important they are to us and this can degrade the friendship over a period of time. In today’s fast society there is just not the time to take out and relax. We live in a world that is moving at a very fast rate and taking out time for loved ones usually gets put on the back burner. We need to take out time for our friends and show them their importance but also do something genuinely for them from the bottom of our hearts. We need to put them top on our priority list because value is only given to something that is at the top of our lists. We are investing time with them and it not only shows how much time you want to spend with them but also how you truly value them. Realizing someone’s importance can be hard but once we lose them it suddenly becomes clear to us. We need to give our friends respect because without respect you will not get any back and it just shows, â€Å"you care†. Friends share their most inanimate secrets and help each other out in times of need. This is actually a very important part in friendship because with sharing your problems with your friend it shows that you trust him or her enough to be sharing it with them in the first place. This also shows that you value their advice. You are open to them and you give them the courage to come and talk to you which shows them how important they are in your life and you challenge yourself by giving a part of yourself to them. You need to acknowledge them in such a way by showing them that they are of some importance to your life; and without them it would be difficult for you to go on in life. Show your friends that you truly appreciate them and you are grateful that they are there for you. We should stop looking for the flaws in other individuals. As a society we follow social norms and due to that we like to look for flaws in others, bring others down or show others that we are better than them. In the process of doing so we are bringing other individuals down and abating their value. We need to show our friends that we worry for them and when they are afflicted pain so are we. We need to show our support for them every step along the way and if they are in pain and suffering not look down up upon them but help them bring their head up high and give them the confidence that they are in need of. Friendship is a strong relationship that needs time and energy just like any other relationship in the world. We need to take out time for our friends and help them in desperate times of need. We need to view them as our partners instead of a burden or responsibility that we have to fill. As a society now days we view friendship as harmful at times because of fear that our friend might beat us in any competition of any kind but that is because trust is lost and when we start trusting each other and giving respect these problems will go away on their own. Give values to your friends as than they will realize their true value.

Differences Between Male and Female Orientated Magazine Articles Essay

Investigating the Difference Between Male and Female Orientated Magazine Articles For my investigation I decided to take stories sent in by readers to the magazines FHM and Cosmopolitan. FHM is aimed at men aged around 16 to 30, while Cosmopolitan is aimed at women of the same age. I thought it would be interesting to look at the differences between the two formats because I read FHM quite a lot, and some female friends of mine read Cosmopolitan, and I have often wondered what and how many differences and indeed similarities there are between the two magazines. I was also interested in the different ways similar topics were portrayed for the two different sexes. It helps me understand some of the language and gender issues I dealt with last year in English Language, and that is why I chose a stories page, it tells me more about the people who actually read the magazines than the people who write them. The stories I hoped would reflect the people who wrote them, and therefore the people who bought and read the magazines. It is also interesting for me because I want to become a magazine journalist when I leave university. Doing this investigation allows me to take a more in-depth look at what kind of people enjoy these kinds of magazines, and also it gives me a chance to look at the way these types of articles are presented in magazines, looking at things such as layout. I aim to find differences between the subject matter of the letters, the lexis used by the writers, the differences in grammar, the layout of the letters pages in the magazines and the general tenor of the stories. I also aim to reach a conclusion as to what... ... and "freezing my arse off". These slangy informal descriptions are very suitable for the FHM stories but hardly sensible for the Cosmopolitan story. Overall the articles conform closely with my hypothesis. The variances in the tenor were often and obvious. The male stories also conformed to my hypothesis in that they were competing as an incentive to win a prize, whereas the woman was not. The subject matters also matched my hypothesis. The male stories use mostly a different style of writing to the female articles, and indeed these contribute to them having very different effects on the reader. I think that my investigation has been a success. I have proved many of my hypotheses and my aim has been met. There is a large difference in male and female orientated magazine articles, in both style and substance.

Aryan Brotherhood

ARYAN BROTHERHOOD Growing up most people has been part of a group, one way or another. Girls grew up being Girl scouts or Campfire girls, and boys had Boy scouts and baseball. Well, on that note, I remember having a pledge in Girls Scouts. Well the Aryan Brotherhood also has a pledge: â€Å"I will stand by my brother My brother will come before all others My life is forfeited should I fail my brother I will honor my brother in peace and war† They also live by the motto, â€Å"in for life and out by death. This Brotherhood take these words to heart, and will do anything for a brother whether they are in prisons, jails, or free on the street to handle affairs for others. The Aryan Brotherhood formed in 1964, by white inmates from the infamous San Quentin State Prison, in Northern California. January 16th, 1967 a Nazi prison-gang associate Robert Holderman was stabbed and then battered to death by Black Guerilla Family gang members at San Quentin prison. The very next day, Janua ry 17th, 1,800 black inmates and 1,000 white inmates clashed on the main yard at San Quentin prison over the death of Robert Holderman.The prison guards broke up the brawl by firing shots into the mass of inmates. One inmate suffered severe head trauma from the beating he received from opposing gang members. Two other inmates suffered non-fatal heart attacks. August 27th, 1967 nineteen-year-old Barry Byron Mills was arrested in Ventura, California and held for transfer to Sonoma County, where he had stolen a car. Sonoma County had issued an arrest warrant in his name for grand theft auto. On December 12th, that same year, Barry Mills requested and was denied probation.Instead he was sentenced to one year in the Sonoma County Jail. Within less than two months later on January 12th, 1968, Barry Mills and Buddy Coleman escaped from the Sonoma County Honor Farm. Of course this facility was not a jail or a prison, so there for very low security, with non-violent offenders. Mills’ realm of freedom did not last long, come February 17th, 1968 he was arrested in Windsor, California, and held on a warrant charging escape without force. On March 12th, 1968 Barry Mills was sentenced to one year and a day in prison for escape without force from the Sonoma County Jail.One year and a day later, Barry Mills was released from prison, March 13th, 1969. January 13th, 1970 in Soledad State Prison, Aryan Brotherhood leader Buzzard Harris, and along his side fellow Aryan Brotherhood members Smiley Hoyle, Harpo Harper and Chuko Wendekier. Siding with the Aryan Brotherhood where Mexican Mafia members Colorado Joe Ariaz, John Fanene, and Raymond Guerrero went to battle with Black Guerilla Family gang members on the exercise yard at Soledad prison. Tower guard Opie Miller opened fire with his high-powered rifle, killing Black Guerilla leader W.L. Nolen, Cleveland Edwards and Alvin Miller. Buzzard Harris the Aryan Brotherhood leader was wounded in the groin by one of the bullets that came from Opie Miller’s rifle. Once again Barry Mills could not stay out of trouble and Mills and William Hackworth were arrested after robbing a Stewarts Point convenience store in January 30th, 1970. Within a few days, Barry Mills was convicted of first-degree armed robbery after co-defendant William Hackworth testified for the prosecution against Mills. This time Mills was sentenced to 5 years to life in prison.Since the 1970’s, the Aryan Brotherhood has spread out across the states throughout many prisons. Many of them are in California such as, California State Prison at Corcoran, Pelican Bay, USP Marion, Folsom State Prison, California Institution for men in Chino to name a few. They also have the brotherhood thing going on here in Nevada at the High Desert State Prison. The Aryan Brotherhood are mainly concerned with White-Supremacy and self-protection from Black and Hispanic gangs. The recent conviction of four Aryan Brotherhood members in Santa Ana Califo rnia, was one the largest death penalty cases in U.S. history. This revealed an allegedly â€Å"ruthless† gang who regularly murdered those who opposed the system, growing so out of control that even its own ranking members could not consider themselves safe. The violent ordering of murders throughout the United States, whether inside the prisons or not is quite frightening. The Aryan Brotherhood has connections worldwide, and expect orders of any kind to be followed. In 1997 when Mafia don John Gotti was locked up, a man named Walter Johnson allegedly punched Gotti in the eye in an Illinois prison.John Gotti paid Barry Mills $500,000 to kill Johnson, who at the time was staying in a Colorado prison, Mills agreed. However Johnson got lucky, for the fact that Gotti died in prison in 2002. Although the Aryan Brotherhood was originally formed for the protection of whites against blacks in prison, the gang gradually moved to criminal activities such as murder. That was not good e nough or beneficial enough for this gang, so they strive to control the sale of drugs, gambling, and â€Å"punks†, or male prostitutes. According to sources, racial warfare comes in second to business.The Aryan Brotherhood has also carried out contract killings for the Mexican Mafia. April 21, 1972, Aryan Brotherhood members Fred Mendrin and Donald Hale murdered Fred Castillo by stabbing him to death at the Chino Institute for Men. Castillo was the leader of the Nuestra Familia gang, and Castillo was murdered as part of a contract with the Mexican Mafia. December 15, 1972 Fred Mendrin and Donald Hale where sentenced to life in prison for the murder of Fred Castillo. Racist beliefs prevent members form consorting with African Americans, including taking anything from a cigarette or even a candy bar from them.In 1973 the Aryan Brotherhood spreads into the federal prisons. Much more came with the merge to the federal prisons. In 2006 it was revealed in the recent murder trial of 4 Aryan Brotherhood members, that their communication included codes and cryptograms. Some of these techniques involved a 400 year old binary alphabet system invented by Sir Francis Bacon, concealing notes in mop handles and beneath rocks in the recreation yards. The Aryan Brotherhood also supposedly perfected the art of urnine-writing where one dips a Q-tip in some acidic substance such as citrus juice, urine or bleach and write with it making out the resulting words.These words stay invisible until they are exposed to direct heat, such as a match flame. Throughout the late 1970’s, many Brotherhood members went down for many different crimes such as bank robbery, and one member Little Joe O’Rourke, who opened fire on the El Camino Community College campus for opening up fire there, and was sentenced to seven years in prison. In 1978, Barry Mills is sentenced to 20 years in the federal prison for planning a bank robbery in Fresno, California. The bank was robber by th e Aryan Brotherhood in June of 1976. Although Barry Mills did not directly participate in the robbery, but he provided the blueprint for it.Barry Mills in 1979 murdered Aryan Brotherhood associate John Sherman Marzloff in the United States Prison Atlanta, Georgia. In 1980, the Aryan Brotherhood set up a commission to run the operations of all Aryan Brotherhood members. The commission was composed of three men. Ironically enough, Barry Mills assumed command of the commission. June 8, 1980, one of the Aryan Brotherhood associates was murdered his name was Robert Hogan. The order came directly from Barry Mills. In the same â€Å"gang† is one thing although when putting hits out and ordering murders on men of other organizations’, almost always there will be some kind of retaliation.September 27, 1982 Aryan Brotherhood Commissioner Thomas â€Å"Terrible Tom† Silverstein murdered Cadillac Smith, who was the leader of the D. C. Mob, at the United States Prison, Marion , Illinois. Now to retaliate, a couple of months later, Aryan Brotherhood member Neil Baumgarten was murdered by members of the D. C. Mob. Baumgarten’s murder was payback for the murder of Cadillac Smith. In January of 1983 another member of the brotherhood, Blinky Griffen was convicted of murdering T-Bone Gibson.Now the Aryan Brotherhood just do not stop at rival gangs, they murder their own also. In February of 1983 one month to the day, Aryan Brotherhood member Richard Barnes was murdered. The order to kill Barnes came from Aryan Brotherhood Councilman McKool Slocum. Again, September of 1983 Aryan Brotherhood associate Gregory Keefer was stabbed to death by another Aryan Brotherhood associate. http://www. splcenter. org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/2005/fall/smashing-the-shamrock http://www. urbandictionary. com/define. php? term=Aryan%20Brotherhood

Analysis Of The Experiment Management And The Worker

Since the publication of the experiment report â€Å"management and the worker† in 1939(Gillespie, 1991) the Hawthorne studies have been playing an important role in management, psychology and sociology. Hawthorne studies were the foundation for the modern day management thinking. Hawthorne studies have been subject to many criticisms but it produced the fundamental changes in the development of management thoughts. The great contribution Hawthorne studies made to the development of modern management these experiments are identified as the most important piece of experimental industrial social science ever undertaken. For example, Buchanan and Huczynski (2004) indicated that â€Å"the Hawthorne research revolutionized social science thinking†. In this essay we are discussing management concepts used prior to Hawthorne studies, brief introduction of Hawthorne experiment and its findings, how Hawthorne studies reshape the modern management thinking in the sense of social science, criticisms on Hawthorne studies and conclusion. The theories well before Organisational behaviour concerned on increasing productivity and efficiency by introducing machinery and optimising time spent on tasks. Taylorisum continually appalled by workers inefficiencies, and the workers tendency to â€Å"take it easy â€Å"on the job. The Taylorisum was criticised by many arguing that the fundamentals of scientific management were to abuse workers rather than to benefit them (Mullins, 2005). Prior to Hawthorne studiesShow MoreRelatedBarbara Ehrenreich s Nickel And Dimed1294 Words   |  6 PagesNickel and Dimed. 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From the turn of the 20th Century, the need for a formal management theory was growing evident; organisations required a system to guide managers in an attempt to improve productivity and efficiency of workers. This urgencyRead MoreEssay about Classical Management Theories1523 Words   |  7 PagesSuccessful management requires an understanding of the fundamental concepts of effective management techniques and principles. In order to gain such insight, and manage effectively and efficiently, managers must develop an awareness of past management principles, models and theories. From the turn of the 20th Century, the need for a formal management theory was growing evident; organisations required a system to guide managers in an attempt to improve productivity and efficiency of workers. This urgencyRead MoreHistory and current thinking of management1027 Words   |  5 PagesPRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT CH.2 Managing: History and Current Thinking 3 BASIC APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT: Classical Approach ï‚ ¢ Behavioral Approach ï‚ ¢ Management Science Approach ï‚ ¢ OTHER APPROACHES: ï‚ ¢ The Contingency Approach ï‚ ¢ The Systems Approach THE CLASSICAL APPROACH THE CLASSICAL APPROACH Pioneers of Management Study ï‚ ¢ â€Å"recommends that managers continually strive to increase organizational efficiency to increase production† ï‚ ¢ Find the ‘one best way’ ï‚ ¢ Lower-levelRead MoreThe Human Relations Movement Of George Elton Mayo949 Words   |  4 Pagesmovement of scientific management in the 1880’s. Scientific management looked to improve productivity through means of scientific analysis of worker’s tasks and work processes rather than the old â€Å"rule of thumb† (Taylor, 1914). 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